{"id":106580,"date":"2024-12-17T19:42:30","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:42:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=106580"},"modified":"2024-12-17T19:43:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T16:43:45","slug":"%d8%b1%d8%a4%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-100-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b5%d8%a8%d8%ad%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=106580","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645&#8230; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"entry-article__title\">\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647 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data-io-article-url=\"https:\/\/www.majalla.com\/node\/323508\/%D9%88%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA\/%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%81%D9%8A-100-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%AF\">\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 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(1922-1925)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u2013 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0634\u0643- \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 11 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1922. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 1 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a 1925\u060c 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orp-force-hide-player\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a (1926-1928)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 5 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\/\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 1926 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 8 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\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1936-1939)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1936\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0641\u064a 8 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\/\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 1939 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1936 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a 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data-io-article-url=\"https:\/\/www.majalla.com\/node\/323508\/%D9%88%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA\/%D8%B1%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%81%D9%8A-100-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%AF\">\n<div class=\"field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items\">\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<blockquote><p><strong>\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1949 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<div class=\"entry-article__content\">\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1941-1943)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a 16 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\/\u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1941\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0644. \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 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\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181036.jpeg?resize=1425%2C1900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1425\" height=\"1900\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"c1cd6ed6-89f4-43d0-9d58-3f26ffd4d176\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1943. \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0634\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 25 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\/\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 (1943-1949)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1943 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0634\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u0641\u064a 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633\/\u0622\u0628 1943. \u0634\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 30 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 1945. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1952<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<div class=\"entry-article__content\">\n<p>\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0628 1948\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181039.jpeg?resize=1169%2C1900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1169\" height=\"1900\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"06684122-84c4-4892-99f3-9ed90e016c24\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<h2>\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0642<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f 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\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1951. \u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645. \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1943\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 1948\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 1955.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181037.jpeg?resize=1386%2C1900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1386\" height=\"1900\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"34cfbf81-9c88-4ab2-ac30-a7bb9c6962a2\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 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\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1960.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0632\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1956\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181052.jpeg?resize=1383%2C1900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1383\" height=\"1900\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"022856eb-ed89-4d28-ac33-1bc1ece3a5e4\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 (1958-1961)<\/h2>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0646\u0629 1926 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1939 (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628). \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0630\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1958 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1961 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<div class=\"entry-article__content\">\n<p>\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961. \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1958\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1961\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0642.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a 1 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 1962. \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0641\u064a 8 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1963 \u0644\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 30 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1963\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1952\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181041.jpeg?resize=1344%2C1900&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1344\" height=\"1900\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"2858a3ca-e061-4361-879d-72273a249e9d\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u0644\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 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\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1963.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b<\/h2>\n<p>\u0634\u064f\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0638\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b&#8221; \u0641\u064a 23 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1966.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181044.jpeg?resize=661%2C1000&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"661\" height=\"1000\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"38d89d4b-dd70-42de-aa79-cc2fbb773649\" \/><\/div>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 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class=\"field__item\">\n<blockquote><p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0641\u064a 8 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 61 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b&#8221; \u064854 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field__item\">\n<div class=\"entry-article__content\">\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1967\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a 16 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1993\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1992.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 18 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970. \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 22 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1971\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b&#8221; &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639&#8221; \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1973.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"figure-img\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/static.majalla.com\/2024-12\/181045.jpeg?resize=1000%2C665&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u0623.\u0641.\u0628\" width=\"1000\" height=\"665\" data-entity-type=\"file\" data-entity-uuid=\"9dc83ce8-08c7-4167-b05d-b2a0112a5a27\" \/><span class=\"img-credit\">\u0623.\u0641.\u0628<\/span><\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u062c\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a 10 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2000 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0631\u064f\u0641\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a 17 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2000 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0636 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2001 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2005\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0639\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011. \u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0641\u064a 8 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 61 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b&#8221; \u064854 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/h2>\n<p><strong>1- \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0627 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a011 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1922 \u2013 21 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1925 (3\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a)<\/p>\n<p><strong>2- \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a05 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 1926 \u2013 8 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1928 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06489 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>3- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f(\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a011 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1932 &#8211; 21 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1936 (4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u06486 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>4- \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u062d\u0645\u0635 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a021 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1936 \u2013 8 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1939 (\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>5- \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a(\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a016 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1941 \u2013 17 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1943 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06484 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>6- \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0634\u064a (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a017 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u2013 25 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1943 (65 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627)<\/p>\n<p><strong>7- \u0639\u0637\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a025 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u2013 17 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1943 (5 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>8- \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a017 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1943 \u2013 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1949 (5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>9- \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a026 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u2013 14 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1949 (137 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064819 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629)<\/p>\n<p><strong>10- \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u062d\u0645\u0635 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a014 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1949 &#8211; 3 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1951 (\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646)<\/p>\n<p><strong>11- \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:\u00a0<\/strong>3 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1951 \u2013 11 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1953 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>12-\u00a0\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a (\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0629 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a011 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1953 \u2013 25 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1954 (7 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u064814 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627)<\/p>\n<p><strong>13- \u0645\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0632\u0628\u0631\u064a (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a025 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u2013 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1954 (3 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645)<\/p>\n<p><strong>14- \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a01 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1954 \u2013 5 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1955 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06486 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>15- \u0634\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a05 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1955 \u2013 21 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 (\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06485 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>16- \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631(\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a021 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1958 \u2013 28 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961 (3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>17- \u0646\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u064a(\u062d\u0644\u0628 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a014 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961 \u2013 8 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1963 (\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06483 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>18- \u0644\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u062d\u0645\u0635 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a027 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u2013 27 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1963 (4 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>19- \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 (\u062d\u0644\u0628 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:\u00a0<\/strong>27 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1963 \u2013 23 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1966 (\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>20- \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a (\u062d\u0645\u0635 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a01 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1966 \u2013 16 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970 (4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u06488 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>21- \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 (\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a018 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1970 \u2013 22 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1971 (3 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>22- \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062d\u0629 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:<\/strong>\u00a022 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1971 \u2013 10 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2000 (29 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06487 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<p><strong>23- \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f(\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062d\u0629 &#8211; \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"last-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629:\u00a0<\/strong>17 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2000 \u2013 8 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024 (24 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u06485 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"cell large-shrink\">\n<div class=\"entry-article__aside sticky_js show-for-large\">\n<div class=\"entry-share__item\">\n<div class=\"entry-action entry-share-actions entryShareSocialsJs\">\n<div class=\"a2a_kit \" data-a2a-url=\"https:\/\/www.majalla.com\/node\/323508\" data-a2a-title=\"\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a 100 \u0639\u0627\u0645... \u0645\u0646 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\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f 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