{"id":55827,"date":"2022-07-04T12:30:59","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T09:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=55827"},"modified":"2022-07-04T07:26:52","modified_gmt":"2022-07-04T04:26:52","slug":"%d9%84%d9%83%d9%86-%d9%84%d8%a7-%d9%8a%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%88-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%90-%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%91%d9%83%d9%90-%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=55827","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0650 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0643\u0650 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u201d: \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0650\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646: \u201c\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u060c \u0646\u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u063a\u0629.. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u201d (Morrison, 2015). \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645 \u201c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u201d \u0648\u201d\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u201d\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 Bhabha (1994, p. 306) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0634\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 14 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629: \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u201c\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629\/ \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629\u201d (Gupte and Mehta, 2007) \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d (Apostolova, 2015; Crawley and Skleparis, 2018). \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (Bhambra, 2017). \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0635\u0631\u0651\u062d \u063a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 (2015, p. 636) \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u201c\u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u201d. \u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u201d (Mayblin et al, 2020, p. 108). \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u201c\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u201d ((ibid., p. 108) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062e \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 <strong>\u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 [\u2026] \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0630\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u201d (Said, 2003, p. 5). \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u060c \u201c\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u201d. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u064e \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0625\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u201c\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u064a\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u201c\u0623\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a [\u2026] \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u201d (Said, 2003: 86). \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0650\u0641\u0651\u062a\u064f \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0646\u062a\u064f \u0648\u063a\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0631\u062a\u064f \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f (2003: 95). \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u201c\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u201d\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645 20 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u062c\u062f\u064d \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u201c\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u201d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0644\u0623\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u201c\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u201d (See Bhabha, 1994; Shukla, 2016)\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 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\u0628\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\/ \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a). \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 [..] \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629\u201d (Taylor, 2015, p. 2). \u0641\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u061b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0637\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627 (\u0642\u0631\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 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\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 (Boersma &amp; Schinkel, 2018)\u061f \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u201c\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u201d (Massey, 1994, p. 172)\u061b \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 (Bhabha, H. in Kl\u00e4ger, 2017). \u0642\u0644\u062a\u064f: \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u201d \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Boccagni, 2017, p. 18). \u0642\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0647: \u201c\u0643\u064f\u0644\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u062d\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u201d (Nayeri, 2019). \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0646\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629). \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\/ \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 [\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646] \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0646\u064a\u0629. (Anderson, 2019). \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u201d (Crawley and Skleparis, 2018, p. 50). \u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u201c\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629\u201d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a <strong>\u0628\u0640 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u201d\u060c<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064c\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640 \u201c\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u062a\u064f \u0643\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0645! \u0641\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0623\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0635\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064b\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anderson, B. (2019). \u2018New directions in migration studies: towards methodological denationalism\u2019, CMS 7, 36. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40878-019-0140-8\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40878-019-0140-8<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Apostolova, R. (2015). \u2018Of Refugees and Migrants: Stigma, Politics, and Boundary Work at the Borders of Europe\u2019, American Sociological Association Newsletter, September 14. <a href=\"https:\/\/asaculturesection.org\/2015\/09\/14\/of-refugees-and-migrants-stigma-politics-andboundarywork-at-the-borders-of-europe\/\">https:\/\/asaculturesection.org\/2015\/09\/14\/of-refugees-and-migrants-stigma-politics-andboundarywork-at-the-borders-of-europe\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Bhabha, H. (1994). The Location of Culture. London and New York: Routledge.<\/li>\n<li>Bhambra, G. K. (2017). \u2018The current crisis of Europe: Refugees, colonialism, and the limits of cosmopolitanism\u2019, European Law Journal, 23(5), 395\u2013405. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eulj.12234\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eulj.12234<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Boccagni, P. (2017). Migration and the Search for Home: Mapping Domestic Space in Migrants\u2019 Everyday Lives. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Boersma, S., &amp; Schinkel, W. (2018). \u2018Imaginaries of postponed arrival: On seeing \u2018society\u2019 and its \u2018immigrants\u2019\u2019, Cultural Studies, 32(2), 308\u2013325. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09502386.2017.1354047\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09502386.2017.1354047<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Crawley, H. and Skleparis, D. 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Diasporic Constructions of Home and Belonging, Berlin, M\u00fcnchen, Boston: De Gruyter.<\/li>\n<li>Mason, R. and Sherwood, H. (2016). \u2018\u2018Cameron \u2018stigmatising Muslim women\u2019 with English language policy\u2019\u2019, The Guardian, 18 January.<\/li>\n<li>Massey, D. (1994). \u2018A Place Called Home?\u2019, Place, Space and Gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp.157-173.<\/li>\n<li>Massey, D. (1994). Place, Space and Gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.<\/li>\n<li>Mayblin, L., Wake, M. and Kazemi, M. (2020). \u2018Necropolitics and the Slow Violence of the Everyday: Asylum Seeker Welfare in the Postcolonial Present\u2019, Sociology, 54(1): 107-123. doi:10.1177\/0038038519862124<\/li>\n<li>Morrison, T. (2015) \u2018No Place for Self-pity, No Room for Fear\u2019, The Nation. 23 March.<\/li>\n<li>Nayeri, D. (2017). \u2018The Ungrateful Refugee: \u2018We have no debt to repay\u2019\u2019, The Guardian. 4 April.<\/li>\n<li>Nayeri, D. (2019). The Ungrateful Refugee: what immigrants never tell you.<\/li>\n<li>Said, E. (2003). Orientalism. Penguin Books.<\/li>\n<li>Shukla, N. (2017). The Good Immigrant. Canongate Books Ltd.<\/li>\n<li>Taylor, H. (2015). Refugees and the Meaning of Home. Cypriot Narratives of Loss, Longing and Daily Life in London. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u2018But You Don\u2019t Look Like a Syrian\u2019: Migrant Narrative Beyond the Dichotomous Divide in Migration Studies<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628*<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u060c Lina Fadel<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c HERIOT WATT UNIVERSITY\u060c 15 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/ \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2021<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/td>\n<td>https:\/\/bit.ly\/3OTfBhA<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>2400<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\/ \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0646\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u062a\u064f 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