{"id":79146,"date":"2023-06-07T05:03:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-07T02:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=79146"},"modified":"2023-06-07T05:03:00","modified_gmt":"2023-06-07T02:03:00","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a8-%d9%81%d8%b4%d9%84-%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b4-%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/?p=79146","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646: \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 mammoth \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0651 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062c\u0651 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a 24 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 -\u0628\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627\u201d. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 (2008)\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u201d[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a quintessential \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0648\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062c \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u064b \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064d \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631) \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u064f\u0641\u0650\u0651\u0630\u062a \u0636\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u064c\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0646\u064e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0648\u0646 -\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 confidants. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0634\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 (\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648\u201d \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u062c \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647[3]<\/a>. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 (2007-2012)\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064e\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u064e\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0621[4]<\/a>. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a centralizer. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631[5]<\/a>. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a -\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629- \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u201d \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u201c\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629 dictators\u2019 club\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u062f -\u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644- \u0642\u0628\u0636\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064e \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0634\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1994-1996\u061b 1999-2009) \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0628\/ \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2008\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 (\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0627 21)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1979-1989)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 carte blanche \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1890 \u0625\u0644\u0649 172\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 65 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 16 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u00a0[7]<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u0648\u0646 Modernizers \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (700,000 \u0648900,000) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 praporshchiki\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (410,000) \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 (260,000) \u0641\u0642\u0637[8]<\/a>. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627: \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641. \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 (405,000) \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647[9]<\/a>. \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 25 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 high-quality\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 noncoms\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0648\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0635\u0641\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0651\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0633\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0651 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u201d\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u201c\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u201d[10]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 -\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639- \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u062b\u0644\u062b \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u063a\u0636\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0630\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629[11]<\/a>. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648- \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/ \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\/ \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u201d \u0648 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646\u00a0[12]<\/a>. \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649: \u064a\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u201c\u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f\u201d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u201c\u0628\u0623\u064a \u062b\u0645\u0646\u201d (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0642)[13]<\/a>. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u061f \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a[14]<\/a>. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645[15]<\/a>. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a (zampolit)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627[16]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 (\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u064a\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0630\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626) \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629. \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (150,000) \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062e\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0636\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n

\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022 \u0644\u0640 (300,000) \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u0651\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627 (5,600 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641) \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629[17]<\/a>. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a 29 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u201d\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629[18]<\/a>. \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0643\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0624\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0650\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629[19]<\/a>. \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0636\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u064e\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 (200) \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0631\u063a\u064a\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0641\u063a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 (\u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 (\u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0632\u0642\u0629 (\u0641\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0631) \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0645[20]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 -\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629- \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 20 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015\u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a (65,9) \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 (\u0623\u0648 4,1 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 (200) \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627[21]<\/a>. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a 2011-2020 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062b\u0651 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f 70 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634[22]<\/a>. \u062a\u0632\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 T-90M \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 (Su-27 \u0648MiG-31) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621[23]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2027\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 (19) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (39) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629[24]<\/a>. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062e \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 (\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631) \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a. \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631[25]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a optics \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0650\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c (Sukhoi Su-57)\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 (Su-57) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0648-\u062c\u0648\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648-\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 (F-35) \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a (\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648). \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2019 (\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627) \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Su-57) \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u060c \u201c\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\/ \u0644\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0646\u201d[26]<\/a>. \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (29) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 -\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 (100) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629- \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 11 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c 88 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627). \u0643\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0633. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633 (20 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629) \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0650\u0642 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u064f\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 (40 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629)[27]<\/a>. \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f -\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647- \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u201c\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0630\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646\u201d[28]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u2013 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u061f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645 \u0636\u0639\u0641\u0627\u0621. \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0634\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631: \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008 \u0642\u062f \u0634\u0642\u0651\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0646[29]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062d\u0651\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0645. \u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 839 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a 24 \u064825 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629\u064d \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u201c\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/ \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631\/ \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u062e \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u062d\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0651\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0650\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u201c\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u201d\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0633\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a (\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0648\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a[30]<\/a>. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2008. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627: \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0632\u064e\u0651 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0650\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0648 (2014-2019)\u060c \u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0650\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0639\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014. \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u201c\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 (4) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015[31]<\/a>. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0641\u0641\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629[32]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 (\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638)\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0646\u0637\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 66 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u00a0[33]<\/a>. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0630\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (HIMARS M142) \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0632\u0631 (M777) \u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 155 \u0645\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2015 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/ \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2022\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 (22,000) \u0645\u062c\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/ \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627[34]<\/a>. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0638\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629) \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0646\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0647. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0641 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a (\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0648\u062f\/ \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a (\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627) \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0636\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062a (\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627).<\/p>\n

\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2013<\/p>\n

*- \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/td>\nArmies and Autocrats: Why Putin\u2019s Military Failed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 *<\/td>\n\u0632\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c Zoltan Barany<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647<\/td>\n\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/ \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2023<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637<\/td>\nhttps:\/\/www.journalofdemocracy.org\/articles\/armies-and-autocrats-why-putins-military-failed\/<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n6482<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\/ \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n

*-\u00a0\u0632\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u0633\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 (\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2021. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 2007\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023.<\/p>\n

\n

[1]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Ruslan Pukhov, \u201cA Proving Ground of the Future,\u201d Russia in Global Affairs 2 (April\u2013June 2016),\u00a0https:\/\/eng.globalaffairs.ru\/articles\/a-proving-ground-of-the-future<\/a>; Fredrik Westerlund, \u201cThe Role of the Military in Putin\u2019s Foreign Policy,\u201d Swedish Ministry of Defense, February 2021, 41.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Valerie Hopkins, \u201cRussia\u2019s D\u00e9fense Ministry Shakes Up Its Leadership,\u201d New York Times, 24 September 2022.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Zoltan Barany, \u201cThe Politics of Russia\u2019s Elusive D\u00e9fense Reform,\u201d Political Science Quarterly 121 (Winter 2007): 597\u2013627; and \u201cSuper presidentialism and the Military: The Russian Variant,\u201d Presidential Studies Quarterly 38 (March 2008): 14\u201338.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Ruslan Pukhov, \u201cSerdyukov Cleans Up the Arbat,\u201d Moscow Defense Brief 11, issue 1 (2008): 7\u20139,\u00a0www.files.ethz.ch\/isn\/55475\/mdb_1_2008.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 For two notable cases bookending Putin\u2019s rule, see Ian Black, \u201cIgor Sutyagin Is Odd Man Out in Spy Swap Deal,\u201d Guardian, 17 August 2010; andAndrew Roth, \u201cRussian Journalist Ivan Safronov Sentenced to 22 Years in Prison,\u201d Guardian, 5 September 2022.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Nikita Petrov, \u201cRussian Army\u2019s Weaknesses Exposed During War in Georgia,\u201d RIA Novosti (Moscow), 9 September 2008.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Charles Dick, \u201cRussian Ground Forces Posture Towards the West,\u201d Chatham House Research Paper, April 2019, 3\u20134.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Gil Barndollar, \u201cThe Best or Worst of Both Worlds? Russia\u2019s Mixed Military Manpower System,\u201d Post-Soviet Post blog, CSIS, 23 September 2020,\u00a0www.csis.org\/blogs\/post-soviet-post\/best-or-worst-both-worlds<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Michael Kofman and Rob Lee, \u201cNot Built for Purpose: The Russia Military\u2019s Ill-Fated Force Design,\u201d War on the Rocks, 2 June 2022,\u00a0https:\/\/warontherocks.com\/2022\/06\/not-built-for-purpose-the-russian-militarys-ill-fated-force-design<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Yelizaveta Mayetnaya, \u201cDo Russian Military Officers Have a Morale Problem? Some Say Yes,\u201d Radio Free Europe\/Radio Liberty Russian Service, 16 December 2021,\u00a0www.rferl.org\/a\/russia-military-officers-morale-problem\/31612793.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 This paragraph draws on Julian E. Barnes et al., \u201cAs Russian Losses Mount in Ukraine, Putin Gets More Involved in War Strategy,\u201d New York Times, 23 September 2022.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Neil MacFarquhar and Cassandra Vinograd, \u201cRussia Names a New Commander for the War in Ukraine,\u201d New York Times, 8 October 2022.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Dan Sabbagh, \u201cPutin Involved in War \u2018At Level of Colonel or Brigadier,\u2019 Say Western Sources,\u201d Guardian, 16 May 2022.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Vasily Zatsepin and Vitaly Tsymbal, \u201cMilitary Economy and Military Reform in Russia,\u201d in Alexander Abramov et al., Russian Economy in 2017: Trends and Outlooks (Moscow: Gaidar Institute, 2018), 515\u201325.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Mayetnaya, \u201cDo Russian Military Officers Have a Morale Problem?\u201d<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Jason Gresh, \u201cProfessionalism and Politics in the Russian Military,\u201d Kennan Cable, no. 67, April 2021,\u00a0www.wilsoncenter.org\/microsite\/5\/node\/106204<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Anton Troianovski, \u201cRussia\u2019s Draft Is Drawing Criticism from Far-Flung Regions and Even Pro-War Hawks,\u201d New York Times, 24 September 2022; and Stephen Kalin, \u201cCrimean Tatar Minority Is in Crosshairs of Putin\u2019s Draft,\u201d Wall Street Journal, 4 October 2022.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 \u201cMeeting with Permanent Members of the Security Council,\u201d 29 September 2022,\u00a0http:\/\/en.kremlin.ru\/events\/president\/news\/69459<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Robyn Dixon, \u201cAs His Troops Retreat, Russian Defense Chief Comes Under Pressure at Home,\u201d Washington Post, 6 October 2022; and Neil MacFarquhar, \u201c\u2018Coffins Are Already Coming\u2019: The Toll of Russia\u2019s Chaotic Draft,\u201d New York Times,16 October 2022.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Kimberly Marten, \u201cRussia\u2019s Use of Semi-State Security Forces: The Case of the Wagner Group,\u201d Post-Soviet Affairs 35, issue 3 (2019): 181\u2013204.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Michael Kofman and Richard Connolly, \u201cWhy Russian Military Expenditure Is Much Higher than Commonly Understood (As Is China\u2019s),\u201d War on the Rocks, 16 December 2019,\u00a0https:\/\/warontherocks.com\/2019\/12\/why-russian-military-expenditure-is-much-higher-than-commonly-understood-as-is-chinas<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Anna Maria Dyner, \u201cAssessment of the Russian Armed Forces\u2019 State Armament Programme in 2011\u20132020,\u201d Polish Institute of International Affairs, 11 June 2021.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Anton Lavrov, \u201cRussian Military Reforms from Georgia to Syria,\u201d Center for Strategic and International Studies, November 2018, 15.<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 \u201cTrends in International Arms Transfers, 2021,\u201d SIPRI Fact Sheet, March 2022.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Katarzyna Zysk, \u201cDefense Innovation in the 4thIndustrial Revolution in Russia,\u201d Journal of Strategic Studies 44, issue 4 (2021): 543\u201371.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Karen Dawisha, Putin\u2019s Kleptocracy: Who Owns Russia?(New York: Simon and Schuster, 2014); Transparency International, \u201cCorruption Perceptions Index 2021,\u201d\u00a0www.transparency.org\/en\/cpi\/2021<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[27]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Rick Newman, \u201cWhy Russia\u2019s Military Is So Shabby,\u201d Yahoo Finance, 1 April 2022.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Kozyrev\u2019s 6 March 2022 comment at\u00a0https:\/\/twitter.com\/andreivkozyrev\/status\/1500611398245634050<\/a>.<\/p>\n

[29]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Denver Nicks, \u201cPutin Boasts of Being Able to Take Kiev in 2 Weeks,\u201d Time, 2 September 2014; and Jake Epstein and Charles R. Davis, \u201cPutin Thought Russia\u2019s Military Could Capture Kyiv in 2 Days, But It Still Hasn\u2019t in 20,\u201d Business Insider, 15 March 2022.<\/p>\n

[30]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Pavel K. Baev, \u201cPutin\u2019s Botched Mobilization and Nuclear Non-Option,\u201d Eurasia Daily Monitor, 26 September 2022. See also David E. Sanger and William J. Broad, \u201cRussia\u2019s Small Nuclear Arms: A Risky Option for Putin and Ukraine Alike,\u201d New York Times, 3 October 2022.<\/p>\n

[31]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Deborah Sanders, \u201c\u2018The War We Want; The War That We Get\u2019: Ukraine\u2019s Military Reform and the Conflict in the East,\u201d Journal of Slavic Military Studies 30, issue 1 (2017): 41<\/p>\n

[32]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 See Ilmari K\u00e4ihk\u00f6, \u201cA Nation-in-the-Making, in Arms: Control of Force, Strategy, and the Ukrainian Volunteer Battalions,\u201d Defence Studies 18, issue 2 (2018): 147\u201366.<\/p>\n

[33]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Patricia Zengerle, \u201cU.S. Republicans Aim at Ukraine Aid but Unlikely to Block it,\u201d Reuters, 21 October 2022; and \u201cTrends in World Military Expenditure, 2021,\u201d SIPRI Fact Sheet, April 2022, 2.<\/p>\n

[34]<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Cristina Gallardo and Clea Caulcutt, \u201cUkraine\u2019s Military Recruits Need Training. Only One of Europe\u2019s Giants Is Pulling Its Weight,\u201d Politico, 16 September 2022.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629: \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0626 \u0644\u0645 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":97,"featured_media":79147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"0","share_position":"topbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"5","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"enable_post_split":"0","post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[100086],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-subtitles"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.arraee.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/%D9%A1%D9%A9%D9%A2%D9%A0.webp?fit=1920%2C1080&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcZPZx-kAy","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/97"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=79146"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":79149,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79146\/revisions\/79149"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/79147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=79146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=79146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arraee.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=79146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}